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Research Article

Experimental Control of Day and Night Temperatures to Improve the Growth and External Quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge

단삼의 생장과 외적품질을 향상시키기 위한 주야간 온도의 실험적 제어

Eun A Kim12†
,
Jae Hwan Lee12†
,
Sang Yong Nam12*
김 은아12†
,
이 재환12†
,
남 상용12*
1Department of Environmental Horticulture, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea
2Natural Science Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea
1삼육대학교 환경원예학과
2삼육대학교 자연과학연구소
*Corresponding Author
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
28 February 2024. pp. 94-103
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Abstract

Salvia miltiorrhiza is a medicinal crop belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It is commonly used in China as an ingredient in health-promoting teas that enhance immunity and prevent diseases. Although some Korean local farmers have reported that S. miltiorrhiza grows vigorously in high temperatures and produces roots with a deep red color, there is no clear evidence or literature to confirm this. Therefore, this study investigated the growth and external quality of S. miltiorrhiza in response to different day and night temperature levels. Day and night temperature treatments were designed into four levels: 20/15, 24/19, 28/23, and 32/27°C, respectively. Among the parameters related to plant sizes, the shoot height and number of roots showed the highest values in the 32/27°C treatment, while other parameters, particularly the shoot width and root length exhibited the highest values in the 28/23°C treatment. In contrast, the majority of parameters, including the fresh weight and dry weight, which are indicative of root biomass, were lowest in the 20/15°C treatment, suggesting that S. miltiorrhiza, a species that prefers relatively high temperatures, thrives in warmer conditions. Importantly, the root fresh and dry weights, which are likely to be correlated with the market value of S. miltiorrhiza, showed the same significance levels within the temperature range of 24/19–32/27°C, but not in the relatively low-temperature treatment of 20/15°C. Thus, cultivation of S. miltiorrhiza is deemed feasible within all temperature ranges except for 20/15°C, with optimal conditions falling within the temperature range of 24/19–32/27°C. The CIELAB a* value, associated with red color, was highest in the comprehensive assessment of the 32/27°C treatment. Moreover, in the 32/27°C treatment, the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) color chart values were found to indicate a deep reddish or brown-red color, with readings of 166B and 174A. Additionally, the root color obtained the highest visual score in the 32/27°C treatment. Based on previous studies, a* is considered to be related to the content and quantities of tanshinones and other hydrophilic phenolic compounds, which are effective components associated with the orange-red color. Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate S. miltiorrhiza at a high temperature of 32/27°C to achieve high growth rates, excellent external quality, and produce superior S. miltiorrhiza plants.

Keywords
CIELAB
danshen
growth evaluation
high temperature
medicinal crop

단삼(Salvia miltiorrhiza)은 꿀풀과(Lamiaceae)에 속한 약용작물의 일종이다. 단삼은 주로 중국에서 면역력을 증진시키고 질병을 예방하는 건강증진용 차(tea)의 재료로 사용된다. 단삼은 고온기에 생장이 왕성하고 뿌리의 색상이 짙은 붉은색을 띈다는 일부 국내 농가의 증언이 있었지만 이를 확인할만한 명확한 근거나 문헌은 찾아볼 수 없었다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 주야간 온도수준에 따른 단삼의 생장과 외적품질에 대해서 조사하였다. 온도처리는 20/15, 24/19, 28/23, 32/27°C로 총 네 가지 처리구로 나누어 설계하였다. 식물체 크기의 매개변수에서 초장, 뿌리의 개수는 32/27°C 처리구에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으나 다른 매개변수인 초폭, 근장은 28/23°C 처리구에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 20/15°C 처리구에서는 생체중과 건물중을 포함한 대부분의 매개변수가 가장 낮게 나타나 단삼은 상대적으로 고온을 선호하는 식물임을 나타냈다. 가장 중요한 점은 단삼의 시장가격과 상관관계가 있을 것으로 판단되는 지하부 생체중과 건물중은 24/19–32/27°C 범위의 온도수준에서 동등한 유의수준을 나타내어, 상대적으로 저온처리구였던 20/15°C 처리구를 제외한 온도 범위 내에서 재배가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 붉은색과 관련이 있는 매개변수인 CIELAB a*는 종합적으로 32/27°C 처리구에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그뿐만 아니라 32/27°C 처리구에서는 RHS 값이 166B, 174A로 나타나 뿌리가 짙은 암적색인 것으로 평가되었으며, 시각점수가 가장 높게 나타났다. a*는 과거 연구에 따라 주황색-적색과 관련있는 유효성분인 탄시논(tanshinone) 및 기타 친수성 페놀류의 함량과 양의 상관관계를 가질 것으로 추정되어 32/27°C의 온도수준에서 단삼을 재배하는 것이 가장 유리할 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 단삼을 재배하는 경우 높은 생장수준과 외적품질을 나타내는 우수한 단삼을 생산하기 위해 32/27°C의 상대적 고온조건에서 재배할 것을 권고한다.

키워드
CIELAB
생장평가
고온
약용작물
단삼
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Information
  • Publisher :KOREAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
  • Publisher(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Journal Title :Horticultural Science and Technology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :원예과학기술지
  • Volume : 42
  • No :1
  • Pages :94-103
  • Received Date : 2023-03-30
  • Revised Date : 2023-06-11
  • Accepted Date : 2023-06-28
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20240008
Journal Informaiton Horticultural Science and Technology Horticultural Science and Technology
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